Equity companies have enabled large investments and projects yet also caused company executives and managers to take great responsibilities and to be liable against the company, shareholders, and creditors for any losses incurred due to their faulty or negligent actions that may arise during the company management.
Such responsibility leads to serious losses as a result of both board members and managers’ faulty or negligent actions and therefore makes them hesitate to manage…
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The introduction of Industrial Property Code No. 6769 (IP Code) in Turkey in 2017 changed the definition of a trademark and explicitly listed colors as one of the signs that can be registered as trademarks using international color codes. But practice is showing that some color marks are easier to register than others.
Registering single color marks can be more difficult, which can also be the case when it comes to enforcing them.
Even before the legislative change…
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Objectively, preliminary injunction decisions play a key role for the IP right holder particularly for patent holders to be dealt by Intellectual and Industrial Property Rights (IP courts) in an urgent matter due to the super technicality nature of such cases, commercial reasons, time pressure, etc.
The preliminary injunction, which appears as a way out in cases where the definitive protection is not sufficient and a temporary legal protection is needed, can be requested…
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With wide-scale use of COVID-19 vaccines all around the world, vaccination and PCR testing policies at workplaces have become a hot topic both for employers and employees. Although there has not been any legislative activity yet, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security issued a general letter to guide the workplaces about the possible vaccination and PCR testing policies to be adopted, which has left questions whether employers could require mandatory vaccination or regular…
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Introduction
Law 7251 on the Amendment of the Civil Procedure Code and Certain Laws entered into force upon publication in the Official Gazette (31199) on 28 July 2020. Article 17 of the Law 7251 amended Article 149 of the Civil Procedure Code (“CPC”) 6100 to allow courts to conduct remote hearings through video and audio transmission either upon the parties' request or ex officio under certain circumstances. The amendment further provided that the principles and procedures…
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Biological Medicinal Products are characterized as products that their active ingredient or ingredients are produced from a biological source or products that are homogenized from a biological source. Biosimilar Medicinal Products, however, are human medicinal products that demonstrate high level of similarity to a licensed biological reference medicinal product and their licencing procedures are executed by the Regulation on Licencing of Human Medicinal Products (the…
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